Romeo And Juliet Analysis - 762 Words

The fate of Romeo and Juliet in Act 1 is for romeo and juliet to meet and fall in love.Romeo and juliet are supposed to fall in love no matter what because it’s their fate and it’s how it was written to be.In the story on page 828 and 829, romeo and juliet are talking to each other about their feeling and then they kiss.Fate brought them to that kiss it was their destiny to kiss and fall in love. That kiss symboled their love for each other. And then juliet tells her nurse that she loves him and that she wants to marry him so her nurse tells her to go and ask romeo if he is married.It was fate that made juliet fall in love with romeo and want to marry him.It was fate that caused them to kiss.On page 829, it says juliet finds out that†¦show more content†¦To me this line indicated how he feels for Juliet by dying in her will. The fact that Free Will didn’t take control of the story; it left Fate to be the murder of the lovers. Fate first kicked in when their eyes met at the Capulet party. When Romeo and Juliet spoke, their words had powerful contentment; they had such a strong feeling for one another that they could lay in each other’s arms forever. Their happiness didn’t last long; there were many reasons for this, for example; the marriage Lord Capulet arranged between Paris and Juliet. I believe that the plot of the play thus far leads the people to believe that the deaths were a result of fate. In act 5 Fate is against romeo and juliet.Fate is causing juliet to go throw all the things she is going threw just so she can be with romeo.She does not have the free will to date whoever she likes, she has to marry who her father tells her to.Romeo and juliet had to go through many challenges to finally meet the one that they were destined to be with. Paris who has been watching from hiding thinks that Romeo intends to desecrate the tomb and moves to stop him. Romeo tries to tell Paris that he has no intention of desecrating the tomb but Paris does not believe him and the two fight. Romeo kills Paris who in his dying After laying Pariss body next to Juliets Romeo takes the poison he bought from the apothecary and dies. Friar Laurence arrives and meets Balthasar who tells the friar that Romeo has gone into the tomb. FriarShow MoreRelatedRomeo And Juliet Analysis1384 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis Essay #1: Romeo and Juliet Below write your essay based on the outline that you created. In William Shakespeare’s famous play, â€Å"Romeo and Juliet,† the supporting characters play enormous roles in the plot of the performance by helping Romeo and Juliet be together. The Nurse and Friar Laurence both cause dramatic changes to the play through the course of their actions, both with their own goals and reasons for their behavior. The Nurse is caring and pure, wishing simply for Juliet toRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Film Analysis1647 Words   |  7 PagesDavies, Anthony. The film versions of Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare Survey 49(1996):153-162 Web. 22 May 2017. 1. In this Journal articles by Anthony Davies, he attempts to trace, compare, and analyze the play of Romeo Juliet’s life throughout cinema. To do this, Anthony does a close reading of four different films directed by Cukor, Zeffirelli, Alvin Rakoff, and the BBC. With these films, Anthony delves into them while dissecting specific scenes to compare how they are different or similarRead MoreRomeo and Juliet Character Analysis1438 Words   |  6 PagesRomeo and Juliet character analysis Juliet is the daughter of Lord and Lady Capulet. When the play begins, we learn from the nurse that Juliet is soon turning fourteen (â€Å"Even or odd, of all the days in the year come Lammas-Eve at night shall she be fourteen†). In Juliets first meeting with her mother and the nurse, she seems to be an obedient and responsible child. She comes immediately when they call her and answers always respectfully to her mother: Madam, I am here, / What is your will? (â€Å"ActRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis747 Words   |  3 Pagesan eminent impact on the story. In William Shakespeare’s famous tragedy Romeo and Juliet, certain secondary characters influence the decisions made by the two lovers and avail to establish the play’s tragic outcome. This will be conveyed through a detailed analysis of Tybalt, Capulet and Friar Lawrence. Although admirable qualities add to ones life, they can often lead to their death. In Shakespeares play, Romeo and Juliet we are introduced to Tybalt, a fiery and prideful young relative of theRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Romeo And Juliet1197 Words   |  5 Pagesof â€Å"popping the question†, of course with the exception of careful preparation, measuring the reliability of the love and most importantly not being spontaneous about the ideal. In the novel â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† scripted by William Shakespeare the â€Å"pair of star-crossed lovers (Prologue, 5)† named Romeo and Juliet, do not follow through with this process, and these actions evidently lead to the worth of their lives. Shakespeare’s work is still as impeccable to the modern literary world as he has madeRead MoreRomeo And Juliet : Dramatic Analysis Of Romeo And Juliet746 Words   |  3 Pagesof thy love.† (Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, line 14-17) Romeo and Juliet first saw each other at a ball and fell in love right then and there, but they couldn’t be together because their family hated each other. This scene shows a mood of romance because they couldn’t see each other but they found ways to still be able to see each other. Shakespeare’s diction helped to develop the mood of romance in this scene by showing how much love and affection Romeo has for Juliet. â€Å"With love’s lightRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Analysis792 Words   |  4 Pagesrelationship. In the highly acknowledged play Romeo and Juliet, by Shakespeare, star crossed lovers were exactly what Romeo and Juliet were. However they fought for their love until the end. During this essay I will explain to you how Romeo and Juliets true love was worth fighting for. I will show this threw the literary term courtly love and soliloquy. Romeo and Juliet fight for their love, shakespeare shows this through courtly love. Romeo and Juliet love each other and are together talking andRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Analysis1178 Words   |  5 Pages Romeo and juliet is a play written by William Shakespeare. It is a story about a â€Å"pair of star crossed lovers taken their life whose misadventure piteous overthrows.† Juliet the daughter of Lord Capulet and Lady capulet is a beautiful 13 year old girl. At the start of the play juliet is presented as a naiive girl who has little thought about love and marriage. As the play goes on she grows up quickly upon falling in love with Romeo(The son of her families greatest enemy)From this we can assume thatRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Analysis1120 Words   |  5 Pages3. Fate is defeated; destiny is duped! Romeo and Juliet have somehow survived. Write a short narrative or descriptive essay exploring their lives 5 years hence. Most people say that they know the story of Romeo and Juliet, but they don’t know what really happened. The ordinary person that know the story of the two crossed lovers assume that both Romeo and Juliet killed themselves and died. However that’s not how it ended. Following this statement I will tell you what really happened instead ofRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Analysis780 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeares Romeo and Juliet is a beautiful love story where the two youths fall in love against all odds and tragically die at the end, defying their parents. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet conveys the idea of true love. Different productions of Romeo and Juliet recontextualises the play making it relevant to new contexts helping the viewer understand the play. The directors who made a production of Romeo and Juliet recontextualise Romeo and Juliet from their point of view, therefore, Zeffirelli

The Boko Haram Group On The Nigerian Economy - 2325 Words

1.0 INTRODUCTION In recent times, Nigeria has attracted significant global attention as a result of the on going Boko Haram terrorism actions. With Nigeria being one of the most populous country in West Africa there is bound to be religious and political tensions which in turn breeds political violence. The Boko Haram group is the first insurgent group in Nigeria to be classified as a terrorist organisation by the United States of America and it Allies (Akpan, F et al: 2014). From their radical emergence in 2009 up till date, the country has suffered vulnerability to terror, criminality and instability, starting in 2010 with a retaliation attack for the death of their leader Mohammed Yusuf. The sect further intensified their activities in 2011 with the bombing of the Police headquarters in Abuja the capital city and the UN headquarters also in Abuja. All these attacks left a lot dead and a whole lot more of people injured and displaced. This dissertation investigates the effects of the Boko haram gr oup on the Nigerian economy and how this in turn has brought about a domino effect of instability in the country. In this study, the use of mainly library research shall be used to trace the sequence of Boko Haram crisis faced by the State. What exactly is terrorism? This word has been so incorporated into our daily lives, with the media every day reporting on act of â€Å"terrorism† or the other. Terrorism is often labelled as acts of violence that is against the society,Show MoreRelatedThe Violence Of Boko Haram1129 Words   |  5 Pagesday, night after night, our world keeps getting even more dangerous and we don’t seem to notice. On April 14, nearly 300 Nigerian girls were abducted from their school. We cannot even imagine their darkest fears or the pain they are going through with the Boko Haram terrorists who took them. Boko Haram is a group of Nigerian terrorists ruled by a man named Abubakar. Boko Haram stands for â€Å"Western education is sinful†. But we can imagine how their parents and family are feeling. The abduction of theseRead MoreThe s Education Crisis : Boko Haram Targeting Schools1114 Words   |  5 PagesCrisis: Boko Haram Targeting Schools, Teachers, Students Is Devastating Africa s Largest Economy† from International Business Times, December 2015 analyzes the aftermath of Boko Haram’s neverending actions of destroying local schools, communities, and families. Winsor’s critical observations lead into how Boko Haram’s effect on education will impact Nigeria’s– a newly industrializing country– already slowing economy. As Winsor condemns Boko Haram for its actions, she displays the victims of Boko HaramRead MoreNigeria: The Giant of Africa Essay1783 Words   |  8 Pagescarry a big stick. Islamic terrorist group, Boko Haram, which operates in the northern states of Nigeria, has arguably gained control of the area and has incited fear in many of northern Nigeria’s citizens. Violence has spread like wildfire in parts of Nigeria, and people are asking, â€Å"is Nigeria capable of dealing with an insurgency of this level?†, and â€Å"If Nigeria is being significantly threatened by a group as loo sely organized, but as deadly, as Boko Haram, what chance do we have to contain anRead MoreBoko Haram : A Serious Problem1628 Words   |  7 Pagesin major towns and cities spread across the country. The major religious terrorist group, Boko Haram, has caused chaos in these areas causing substantial damage in the regions over which they have gained control. Boko Haram militants have taken over a majority of the regions in the north and declared their own version of Islamic law. In the delta region sitting directly off the coast of Guinea, armed militant groups have waged war against the government due to economic grievances. These events haveRead MoreThe Conflict Between The Muslims And The North1361 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom Sahel to the Atlantic coast, started the main cause of conflict between the Muslims and the Christians. It led to political disagreement between the two major religions in two separate regions of the country. In the years 1947 to 1959, the Nigerian leaders came together to try to come to an agreement to resolve the political and religious conflicts between the north (Muslims) and the south (Christians). Christians believe that if Nigeria is governed by Muslims, they will try to islamize theRead MoreNigeria s Economy And Natural Resources Essay1592 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Nigeria is the most populated country in Africa and the seventh most populated country in the world. It has the 20th largest economy in the world with a $500 billion to $1 trillion Gross Domestic Product (GDP) with an emerging market and large oil and limestone natural resources. This is significant knowing that limestone is a mineral source that is used in most products you use every day including paper, bottles, paint, building supplies, and food. (WIKIPEDIA, 2015) Through maximumRead MoreThe Impact of Boko Haram Insurgency on the Political Economy of Northeastern Nigeria1666 Words   |  7 PagesIMPACT OF BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY ON THE POLITICAL-ECONOMY OF NORTHEASTERN NIGERIA, 2009 TO 2013 Introduction Nigeria is politically divided into six geo-political zones; and is religiously divided between the Christian south and the Muslim north. The northeast geo-political zone belongs to the Muslim north. This economically backward zone comprises of Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe states. The zone is home to Boko Haram terrorist group officially called JamÄ ÃŠ »at Ahl as-Sunnah lid-daÊ »waRead MoreNigeria And Its Impact On Nigeria1753 Words   |  8 PagesGuinea. Current President Muhammadu Buhari took power in 2015 but has been involved in Nigerian politics since the 1980s. His insights and experience really add power to his speeches when he comes out to address the issues his country is facing. The problem that Buhari has discussed often in recent years is one many other countries in the world are currently facing: how to deal with small, guerilla style terrorist groups. For Nigeria this is not just a security problem, it is an economic problem and, mostRead MoreBoko Haram - Location And Duration1794 Words   |  8 Pages Location and Duration The Boko Haram conflict is currently taking place in Nigeria, with some minor ongoing activity in western Chad, southeast Niger and northern Cameroon. Though the group is concentrated in the northeastern states of Borno and Yobe in Nigeria, its influence has spread throughout the country. The current insurgency officially began on July 26th, 2009, and while Nigerian President Muhammadu Buharu declared the conflict ‘technically’ over in December 2015, the violence continuesRead MoreImpact Of Boko Haram On Economic And Social Activities900 Words   |  4 PagesOMONIYI YINUSA THE IMPACT OF BOKO HARAM INSURGENT ON ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES IN NIGERIA Boko Haram is an affiliated branch of the Islamic State (ISIS) of Iraq and the Levant. It has been performing its atrocities in Nigeria since 2009, during regime of Dr Good Luck (Past President). The name of the group means Western or non-Islamic education is a sin. The group is active in the northern part of Nigeria, and their primary objective is to impose Islamic law as the only law in Nigeria. The

Saying Could in Spanish Using Poder and Other Verbs

Although the English auxiliary verb could is typically thought of as the past tense of the verb can, it shouldnt always be translated to Spanish as a past tense of poder. Could usually can be translated as a form of poder (a verb typically meaning to be able), however. Following are some of the common ways that could is used in English and various ways the idea can be expressed in Spanish. Translating Could When It Means Was Able or Were Able Usually, you can use the preterite tense of poder if youre talking about a one-time event or a specific period in time, but the imperfect tense should be used if youre talking about an indefinite period. The miner couldnt leave the tunnel. El minero no pudo salir del tà ºnel. (The sentence refers to an ability that existed at a particular and limited time, so the preterite is used.)I couldnt leave the city more than once a year. Yo no podà ­a salir de la ciudad mà ¡s que una vez por aà ±o. (The sentence refers to a ability that existed over an indefiite time, so the imperfect is used.)We could always count on him for advice. Siempre podà ­amos contar con à ©l para sugerencias.After five hours I could finally do it. Despuà ©s de cinco horas por fin pude hacerlo.I thought I could do it better. Pensà © que yo podà ­a hacerlo mejor.Couldnt you see the solar eclipse?  ¿No pudiste ver el eclipse solar? Although the distinction isnt always a clear one, if by saying was able or were able you mean knew how to, the verb saber is often preferable, usually in the imperfect tense: Obviously, he thought I could drive. Obviamente, à ©l creà ­a que yo sabà ­a manejar.We could make fantastic sand castles. Sabà ­amos construir fantà ¡sticos castillos de arena. Translating Could as a Suggestion or Request In English we often use could as a substitute for can in order to be polite or to soften the tone of what were saying. You can do much the same thing in Spanish by using the conditional tense of poder, although often the present tense works just as well. For example, to say, You could come with me to fish for trout, you could say either Puedes ir conmigo a pescar truchas or Podrà ­as ir conmigo a pescar truchas. Translating Expressions Such as If I Could Expressions such as if I could usually use the imperfect subjunctive: If I could turn back time, I wouldnt have answered the telephone. Si yo pudiera regresar el tiempo, no habrà ­a contestado el telà ©fono.If he could eat cake instead of vegetables he would be very happy. Si à ©l pudiera comer el postre en vez de vegetales à ©l serà ­a muy feliz.If we could see it, we would buy it. Si pudià ©ramos verlo, lo comprarà ­amos. Discussing What Could Have Been A common way of saying that something could have been, but wasnt, is to use the preterite of poder followed by haber. If something might have occurred over an indefinite time, the imperfect might also be used. It could have been worse. Pudo haber sido peor.The team could have been much more aggressive. El equipo pudo haber sido mucho mà ¡s agresivo.With more time, we could have eliminated more of the mistakes. Con mà ¡s tiempo, pudià ©ramos haber eliminado algunos mà ¡s de los errores.They could have saved my son. Podà ­an haber a mi hijo. Translating Could in Expressions of Possibility Various expressions of possibility can often be used to translate could when it means that something is possible. Often the present tense of poder can be used as well. One way to translate sentences using could in that way is to think of an alternative way of expressing the idea in English, and then translating to Spanish. The following translations arent the only ones possible: They could be the same person. Es posible que sean las mismas personas. (Literally, it is possible that they are the same persons.)It could be my imagination. Posiblemente sea mi imaginacià ³n. (Literally, it is possible that it is my imagination.)I could leave now. Ahora puedo salir. (Literally, I can leave now.)If we want to, we could take a walk through the city. Si queremos, podemos dar un paseo por la ciudad. (Literally, if we want to, we can take a walk through the city.)

Binge Drinking on Americas Campuses - 2308 Words

Binge Drinking on America s Campuses On any Friday or Saturday night, the average college student is usually drinking, dancing and out having fun. They typically party with friends at fraternity parties, bars, and clubs; and unfortunately most of these students are underage, consuming excessive amounts of alcohol or Binge Drinking. Binge drinking results in several detrimental outcomes, some are even fatal. Today this type of drinking is rampant on educational campuses everywhere. Large and small, urban and rural educational institutions are not left unaffected by this growing trend to binge drink. Binge drinking is defined as the consumption of five or more drinks, in a row, on at least one occasion (NCADI). Several surveys†¦show more content†¦If a ball lands in a cup, the team whose cup has the ball must drink the beer in the cup. The team who gets their opponents to finish all the cups of beer in front of them first wins, and plays until they lose to other opponents. The losers must drink all of their cups and in addition must drink all the cups left over from the winning team. There is also the ever-popular Keg Stand. The Keg Stand is extremely popular at parties and happens just about every time there is a keg at a party. The Keg Stand occurs when a person is picked up by his/her legs and has them put above his/her head, so that they are in a handstand position above the keg. The hose of the keg is then placed in his/her mouth, then he/she must drink for as long as he/she can, while the crowd around the keg counts off how long he/she drinks. There is also the Shotgun and/or BeerBong. These are both ways of drinking beer in a very fast manner. The Shotgun happens when a beer is turned on its side; a hole is then poked near the bottom of the can and opened to a little bit bigger than the size of a nickel. The drinker then puts his/her mouth on the hole and sucks till it is very tight. Finally, the beer is turned right side up, the top is opened, and the beer is shot down the drinker s mouth and throat hence the name Shotgun. The BeerBong is another party favorite and is similar to theShow MoreRelated Binge Drinking on America’s Campuses Essay2458 Words   |  10 PagesBinge drinking is rampant on today’s colleges and university campuses. Binge drinking is defined as, five or more drinks for a man at any one time, four or more drinks for a woman (Thompson, J.J. 63). A recent survey revealed that almost half of college students engage in binge drinking, and half of those who binge drink do so regularly (M cCormick, John; Kalb, Claudia 89). It is not the half that drinks responsibly that needs programs targeting them; it is the other half of students that engageRead More Binge Drinking On Americas Campuses Essay2203 Words   |  9 PagesBinge Drinking on Americas Campuses On any Friday or Saturday night, the average college student is usually drinking, dancing and out having fun. They typically party with friends at fraternity parties, bars, and clubs; and unfortunately most of these students are underage, consuming excessive amounts of alcohol or Binge Drinking. Binge drinking results in several detrimental outcomes, some are even fatal. Today this type of drinking is rampant on educational campuses everywhere. Large andRead MoreCause Effect of Binge Drinking Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesunplanned sexual activity all have in common? They are all frequent results of binge drinking by college students. On a typical Friday or Saturday night you can find the average college student out drinking and having fun. Normally partying with friends at a party, bar, or club; most of these college students are underage consuming excessive amounts of alcohol, or as its better known, â€Å"binge drinking.†The term binge drinking is defined as the consumpt ion of five or more drinks in a row by men and fourRead MoreThe Use Of Drugs And Alcohol On College Campuses873 Words   |  4 Pageson college campuses has always been a problem but the drastic increase in the amount of college students binge drinking and abusing prescription and illegal drugs from the early 90’s till now is becoming more alarming and has to be acted upon. American colleges have had a problem with alcohol abuse since the first colleges were created, but until recently college drinking has been ignored, and tolerated, although it is proven to have negative effects not only on the students drinking but also onRead MoreEssay Alcohol626 Words   |  3 Pagesthe rise, and underage drinking rates are soaring. Whether for the better or for the worse, alcohol is a driving factor in Americas economy and society, which makes it very important that everyone is educated about this drug. Since alcohol is a legal drug, it is one of the most widely used and most accepted drugs available. Whether used for social reasons, as an answer to problems, or as a casual everyday drink, its use is prevalent all over the US. Decisions about drinking begin at a very youngRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Be Legal974 Words   |  4 PagesThe Drinking Age For many reasons, the drinking age has been set at twenty-one years old, but has the time come to lower the drinking age? Many argue that the drinking age needs to be lowered back to eighteen for many reasons; however, studies and statistics show that lowering the drinking age is harmful and even deadly. Some people believe that binge drinking can be solved by lowering the drinking age, but lowering the drinking age is not the solution to binge drinking. Many teenagers spend theirRead MoreBinge Drinking4668 Words   |  19 PagesDecember 05, 2011 Binge Drinking Among College Students and Consequences Audience-(Student Fraternity and College Administrators) Binge drinking is a problem that has continued to have a toll on the lives of college students despite efforts by the government and school administrators to curb the trend. Many studies have been conducted to reveal the facts behind binge drinking in colleges and campuses. It is clear that for the problem of binge drinking in colleges to be resolved, it mustRead MoreDrinking At College Is Becoming An Epidemic1491 Words   |  6 PagesDrinking in College is becoming an Epidemic In Beth McMurtrie’s article on The Chronicle of Higher Education website, the senior writer began to answer one of America’s biggest questions. The question â€Å"Why College’s Haven’t Stopped Binge Drinking† (McMurtrie) has been a major topic for a couple of decades now. Doctors Aaron White and Ralph Hingson answered question in a slightly more statistical way using lots of graphs and numbers. Jenna Johnson, staff writer from the Washington Post thinks parentsRead MoreShould We Put Guns On Our Campuses?954 Words   |  4 Pagesresponsible for this massacre. This has every school in America asking the question, should we put guns on our campuses? No, you shouldn t though it sounds like a great idea now you must think about the future impact in would have on the student population. College campuses are having an especially hard with this considering the age group in which their student body lies. If this law was passed campuses around America would have to face the fact that student would be able to carry around dangerous weaponsRead MoreEssay on Arguments for and against Lowering the Drinking Age1909 Words   |  8 PagesThe controversy on the proper drinking age is one that has been repeatedly discussed and researched over the years. Its common to hear the argument â€Å"If someone is old enough to take a bullet for their country, they should be allowed to drink alcohol.† But is that enough justification? Some would say no. â€Å"According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) it is estimated that in 2004 there were more than 1,700 student deaths, 599,000 injuries, and 696,000 assaults annually

Factors that compelled Tesco to exit the Japanese Market Free Essays

Executive summary Tesco is the third largest retail company in the world after Wal-Mart Stores Inc. and Carrefour SA. The paper provides an overview of Tesco PLC and its market expansion strategy in competitive markets, specifically Japan. We will write a custom essay sample on Factors that compelled Tesco to exit the Japanese Market? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The paper briefly provides information on Tesco’s entry into the Japanese retail market. It provides details of the factors that compelled Tesco to exit from the Japanese retail market. It is argued that other foreign retail companies had failed in the Japanese market primarily due to unique shopping habits of Japanese consumers. Synopsis of the Case study Tesco is a UK based retailer company founded in 1919 (Humby, 2008). The company is the third-largest in the world in terms of sales, behind Wal-Mart Stores Inc. of the United States (US) and Chain Carrefour SA of France (Humby, 2008). Tesco carried out extensive research spanning several years in its strategy to expand its market to other already established and emerging markets internationally. Tesco embarked on expansion, into new markets, establishing new stores in the US, entering emerging markets in Central Europe and Japan through acquisition and entering markets like South Korea and Malaysia through a joint measure (Tesco’s internal data, 2009). At the end of August 2011, Tesco announced its exit from Japan where it had entered the market through acquisition. Tesco’s exit from Japan was motivated by its failure to establish enough scalable business after its 8 years operation in Japan, the economic and demographic factors which have affected the purchasing trends among the Japanese, Japanese consumers switched from purchasing branded luxury products in Tesco stores and preferred more affordable private labels. In addition there were a series of food safety scares that hit the Japanese retail market and Tesco’s British business format. Additionally, Tesco failed to compete with department and supermarket stores in Japan. The paper critically assesses the factors that compelled Tesco to withdraw from the Japanese Market. The company has in excess of 500,000 employees in its chain stores around the word. Tesco aims at delivering a consistently strong customer offer based on each customer visit and transaction by focusing on the Group’s core business purpose. Tesco enjoys a 30% market share in the British grocery market making it the biggest player in retail business in the UK. Other players are Asda with 16.9% of the market, Sainsbury’s with 16.4%, Morrison’s with 11.5% and Co-op/Somerfield with 9.2% of the market share (Tesco’s internal data, 2009). Theoretical framework Tesco has expanded its presence to about 5400 chain stores operating in 14 markets outside the UK. The company has grown its business value and operations to become the third-largest retailer in the world behind Wal-Mart Stores Inc. of the US and France’s retail Chain Carrefour SA (Tesco’s internal data, 2009). Tesco’s main business focus is to expand its business in established markets and emerging markets around the world. With a focus to expand its business operations, Tesco operates about 1400 stores in Asian countries of Japan, China, Thailand, Malaysia and South Korea. Tesco began its expansion to the Asian market in 1998 when it acquired a 75% majority controlling in Thailand’s Lotus, a chain of 13 hypermarkets for 111 million British pounds. In March 1999, Tesco further expanded its business expansion strategy in the Asian market with a joint venture with Samsung in South Korea. In 2002, Tesco entered the Malaysian retail market through a joint venture with a local company called Sime Darby Behad (Tesco’s internal data, 2009) The collapse in asset values caused by financial crisis in the late 1990s significantly facilitated the company’s expansion in South-East Asia. Tesco expanded its market into the Japanese market in 2003 by acquiring a controlling interest in the C Two-Network Co, a discount supermarket chain. However, in September 2011, Tesco PLC took the decision to withdraw its retail business operations from the Japanese market and sold off its operations consisting of 129 chain stores. The stores were in the Tokyo area and other stores operating under the Tesco brand, Tesco Express and supermarkets under the Tsurukame brand. The supermarket sector in Japan is fiercely competitive and unprofitable. From the case study, it seems clear that Aeton and Itoh Yokado, the two largest supermarket groups in Japan are struggling to make profit even though they enjoy huge economies of scale. Tesco and other global supermarkets with their plentiful capital failed to successfully penetrate the Japanese market. Despite Tesco’s intending to offer low prices on bulky purchases, things did not turn out to be successful and eventually Tesco had to exit the market. Sogo and Seibu, a big-name in Japanese departmental stores failed to dig into the Japanese retail market. Tesco, and other foreign players like Carrefour and Wal-Mart moved to fill the gaps left by the ailing domestic retailers in the general merchandise store (GMS) segment by setting up their stores or forging an alliance with a domestic player. Despite the business strategy, Tesco and other foreign retailers struggles to successfully penetrate into the difficult Japanese market. Answer to the question. At the end of August 2011, Tesco announced its exit from Japan. The following are the factors that compelled Tesco to withdraw from the Japanese Market. Economic and demographic factors that have affected the purchasing trends among the Japanese. The Japanese grocery retail is a mature market valued at US$370 billion, and it’s the second largest in the world behind the US market. The Japanese grocery sales per capita boosts as the highest in the world at more than US$ 3,300 in a year. However, the market still remains troubled. A combination of economic and demographic factors have resulted in the grocery retail market slipping by 1.2% in 2004 (Tesco’s internal data, 2009). Since the bubble burst in early 1990s, the Japanese economy has been in the doldrums, followed by deflation in the consumer price in subsequent years. Since the economic downturn, consumer confidence has never fully recovered. In relation to demographic factors, the population growth has been stagnant in recent years, resulting in diminished volume growth opportunity, in the retail market. The consumption patterns of the Japanese have changed along with the demographic shifts and varying lifestyles. The birth rate is declining and the population is ageing. High levels of unemployment have prompted people to migrate to city areas that provide more work options. The consequence is an increased demand for freshly prepared and convenience Japanese-style foods. The foods are readily available in at food halls and convenience stores in department stores. The Japanese masses have not widely embraced Western cuisines resulting in a bumpy ride and the eventual fallout of the both the domestic and foreign retailers such as Tesco. In July 2011, supermarket sales in Japan diminished by 1.2% overall to 1.05 trillion Yen. The fall has been recorded for the last 20 consecutive months based on a year-on-year comparison. In July 2011, a decline of -0.6% in food was recorded, -2.7% decline in household products, -0.8% decline in clothing, -1.7% decline in services and a decline of -3.3% in miscellaneous items (Tesco’s internal data, 2009). The statistics indicate that supermarket sales were dwindling, and Tesco found it hard to continue operating within such a difficult environment (Williamson, 2013). Tesco failed to establish enough scalable business after its 8 years operation in Japan. According to CEO, Philip Clarke, Japanese shopping habits were very different from those envisioned in business strategies and business processes of Tesco. According to Clarke, the British consumers enjoy carrying out a â€Å"big shop† once in a week since there is enough room to keep their shopping. In contrast, for many Japanese, space is premium and carrying out a big shop is not an option. Tesco, like other foreign retail companies, failed to adapt fully to the local shopping habits of the Japanese consumers. Consumers switching from branded luxury products in Tesco stores to more affordable private labels. Despite the demand for staple food and household items remaining flat, some consumers switched from purchasing branded luxury products to private labels that are more affordable. However, the penetration of such private labels products has not been popular compared to branded products because the Japanese consumers are still conscious of the product brand of the item they purchase. A series of food safety scares hit the market. The outbreak of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in Japanese cows, use of non-approved additives in packaged foods and product origin being mislabeled eroded consumer confidence and caused a series of food safety scares in the grocery retail market. The British business format of Tesco failed to compete with department and supermarket stores in Japan. The people of Japan put much emphasis on the quality and freshness of food items. They, therefore, prefer to shop many times in a week instead of carrying out a single bulk shopping in a weekly basis. Departmental store food halls began offering high price but high quality foods while low priced standard food products were offered by supermarkets. Although discount stores started increasingly introducing fresh food product to encourage more customer visits, they were considered to be at the lower end of the market along with convenience stores. The small retail channels have increased their market share in recent years because their business format meets the Japanese consumers’ preference for shopping several times each week. They have also widened their range of services such as the provision of added-value services, bill-paying facilities, cash machines and delivery services. The small retail channels business format is in contrast with Tesco business format. As a result, Tesco faced a challenge of penetrating the highly competitive business segment. The Japanese people are highly demanding and fussy consumers who need to be provided with a wide selection of goods and foodstuffs. The Japanese consumers also value freshness of their produce, and they are likely to question of the stock in a hypermarket such as Tesco. Japanese consumers make frequent visits to many different stores per week instead of carrying out a one stop-shop within a single supermarket store. Conclusion In summary, the expansion strategy taken by Tesco into the Japanese market was a well-timed one. However, the Japanese market posed many difficulties which prevented Tesco penetrating the market and achieving profits. Despite that Tesco invested many resources and formulated strategies to gain the Japanese retail market, its failure to establish a business format to suit the Japanese consumers’ lifestyle envisaged its eventual exit. Other foreign retail companies such as Carrefour SA of France had failed to attain profit. Economic factors also led Tesco’s exit as consumers changed preference. The consumer patterns of the Japanese can be difficult to accommodate and formulate a business format to suit their demands and lifestyle. References Humby C, et al. (2008) Scoring Points: How Tesco Continues to Win Customer Loyalty. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Tesco’s internal data, 2009 (www.tesco.com) Williamson C, et al. (2013) Strategic Management and Business Analysis. London: Routledge. How to cite Factors that compelled Tesco to exit the Japanese Market?, Essay examples

Global Business Capital Market Integration

Question: Discuss about the Global Business for Capital Market Integration. Answer: Introduction: The first variable for consideration is level of income in the foreign market. Income is amount of money earned by individual of a certain country in a specified period of time (Rudd Whelan, 2002). Level of income determines the purchasing power of an individual in a household. The higher the level of disposable income the more an individual in able to make more choices and buy products (Bayoumi McDonald, 1994). Argentina has a GDP of US$58.6B while Brazil has US$ 1772.6B. Considering GDP per capita, Brazil has US$ 8670 while Argentina has US$ 13588. It therefore clear that an individual in Argentina has a higher level of income as compared to Brazil and it recommendable to sell product to them because they have a higher purchasing power compared to Brazilians. The second socio economic factor to consider is demographic of a country. Demographic refers to population of human being in country (Blanchard Gal, 2011). It entails the number of people in a country that are presumably the consumers of countrys market. Demography of a country determines the amount of quantities consumed within a given period of time. Argentina has a population of 43.1 million people in 2.7 million square kilometers while Brazil has 207.8 million people in 8.4 million square kilometers. The population density of Argentina is 16 individual per kilometer compared to 25people in Brazil. This shows that the Brazilian market has more potential customers and therefore recommendable. The third variable of consideration is wealth of a nation. Wealth is general prosperity in welfare and valuable material (Myers, 2006). Wealth determines the lifestyle that individual adopt and consequently preference and tastes of products. A wealthy society is health conscious and tends to buy products that have health benefits. Argentina has a Gini index of 42.7 whileus Brazil has 51.5. This shows that Brazil has a wide gap of inequality in terms of income among its citizens compared to Argentina. Argentina has also recorded a higher HDI of 0.836 compared to Brazil of 0.755. The records also show that Argentina is 92% urbanized while Brazil is 86%. These results show that Argentina is wealthier than Brazil and therefore recommendable to venture in. The other variable is occupation of individuals in a country. Occupation refers to productive activities that an individual is engaged on. It involves the rate of unemployment and the expectation of employment (Tian, 2014). Occupation determines earnings of individuals in an economy and future expectations. Argentina has an unemployment rate of 6.5 while that of Brazil is 6.8. Also the inflation of Argentina is 10.6% compared to 9% of Brazil. These results show that Argentina has a lower unemployment rate and higher inflation rate which shows that more individuals are employed and there is possibility of increased employment with higher inflation in comparison to Brazil. Therefore it recommendable to venture in Argentina market based on this variable. Benefit from economies of scale: First movers in a market are able to work on their production and operating costs to minimize the over time (Bayoumi McDonald, 1994). They are sable to trade in large quantities that enable them benefit from economies of scale. This is centrally to Kallara Tea firm which has to start it operations at high costs of production due to limited production and small market. Skills and experience: First movers have an advantage of skills and experienced gained over a period of time compared to new entrant. Early entrants have existed in the market are able to understand the dynamism within the market and thereby able to operate appropriately with skills to meet their objectives. This is not the case to Kallara Tea since it has to stay in the market for quite good time to understand the market and avoid fluctuations. Established market share: Early entrants have a guaranteed market share that they have established over years. They are able to establish their product brand and customer base. This isnt available for Kallara Teas product and they have to operate in the market without guaranteed sales. Inflexibility: First movers in the market are established in the market to extent that they are not flexible. They are not able to shift markets due to established supply chains and investments laid down over years. Therefore, these firms are not able to change market even when the conditions of the markets are unfavorable. For instance Kallara Tea can predict unfavorable market conditions in the future and shift to another country which will not be an expensive move compared to entry entrants. Disruption from new Technologies: Early entrants are continuously faced by a challenge to adopt new technology. Since they are established with their existing technology, it becomes hard for them to adopt new efficient technologies in production and selling of their products (Grimwade, 2000). Kallara Teas products are able to easily adopt new technologies in their processes compared to early mover in the market. Slow adoption of changes: Early entrants have established processes that are hard to change and require a lot of time to adopt change. With recent changes in consumers tastes and preferences, first movers are not able to change with the same rate of changes happening in the society. For instance, it easy and fast for Kallara Tea to incorporate current changes in consumer tastes and preferences compared to early firms that have been in the market for years. References Bayoumi, T. McDonald, R. (1994). Consumption, income, and international capital market integration (1st ed.). London: Centre for Economic Policy Research. Blanchard, O. Gal, J. (2011). Labor Markets and Monetary Policy: A New-Keynesian Model with Unemployement. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.920959 Grimwade, N. (2000). International trade (1st ed.). London: Routledge. Kozmetsky, G., Williams, F., Williams, V. (2004). New wealth (1st ed.). Westport, Conn.: Praeger. Myers, R. (2006). The wealth of nations in the twentieth century (1st ed.). Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press. Mobius, M. (2012). The Little Book of Emerging Markets (1st ed.). New York: Wiley. Nafziger, E. Nafziger, E. (2006). Economic development (1st ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Rudd, J. Whelan, K. (2002). A note on the cointegration of consumption, income, and wealth (1st ed.). Washington, D.C.: Divisions of Research Statistics and Monetary Affairs, Federal Reserve Board. Tian, X. (2014). The Hope of the Country with a Large Population (1st ed.). Dordrecht: Springer.